Working Principle of a Transformer.
Before learning about the function of a transformer, let us know about Faraday's formula for electromagnetic induction.
In 1831, the famous English scientist Michael Faraday provided the basic formula for electromagnetic induction. This formula is called Faraday's induction formula or Faraday's electromagnetic induction formula. Faraday's two formulas are as follows:
In 1831, the famous English scientist Michael Faraday provided the basic formula for electromagnetic induction. This formula is called Faraday's induction formula or Faraday's electromagnetic induction formula. Faraday's two formulas are as follows:
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The first law is that whenever the number of magnetic field lines of the magnetic flux of a wire coil changes, an electromagnetic force is absorbed into the coil.
The first law is that whenever the number of magnetic field lines of the magnetic flux of a wire coil changes, an electromagnetic force is absorbed into the coil.
This is called an induced electromotive force (induced emf). If the conductor is connected to a closed circuit, electricity will flow through it. This is called an induced current.
The second law is that the value of this electromagnetic ball in the coil of a wire is proportional to the number of magnetic lines passing through the coil.
Thus, if the rate of flux change in a coil of wire is dφ / dt and the value of the induced electromotive ball is E, it can be written according to Faraday's formula:
E ∝ dφ / DT
Transformer operation
Transformers work in the process of mutual induction or Farad's electromagnetic induction between two magnetically connected circuits.
The transformer is basically a combination of two inductive coils that are not electrically connected but are magnetically connected via a low reactivity path. The core of the transformer acts as this low reactance path.
If AC is connected to the supply voltage in the primary coil, the electric current starts in the laminated core. The effect of this electric current is to generate alternating flux in the core. We know that the secondary winding is twisted on the opposite side of the core.
The second law is that the value of this electromagnetic ball in the coil of a wire is proportional to the number of magnetic lines passing through the coil.
Thus, if the rate of flux change in a coil of wire is dφ / dt and the value of the induced electromotive ball is E, it can be written according to Faraday's formula:
E ∝ dφ / DT
Transformer operation
Transformers work in the process of mutual induction or Farad's electromagnetic induction between two magnetically connected circuits.
The transformer is basically a combination of two inductive coils that are not electrically connected but are magnetically connected via a low reactivity path. The core of the transformer acts as this low reactance path.
If AC is connected to the supply voltage in the primary coil, the electric current starts in the laminated core. The effect of this electric current is to generate alternating flux in the core. We know that the secondary winding is twisted on the opposite side of the core.
Thus this alternating flux also flows through the secondary coil as it flows through the core, and an electromotive force is absorbed in the secondary winding according to Faraday's formula.
This electromotive force is expressed by E. However, in this case, the frequency of the induced voltage is equal to the frequency of the voltage of the primary winding.
This electromotive force is expressed by E. However, in this case, the frequency of the induced voltage is equal to the frequency of the voltage of the primary winding.
As the secondary coil is connected in a closed circuit, current flows through it. This is how electrical energy is magnetically transferred from the primary coil to the secondary coil.
The electrical direction of the force:
The electromotive force is a vector quantity whose direction is found according to the formula given by the scientist Henrik Lenz. Lenz's formula is
The direction of the magnetic field created for the induced electric current during electromagnetic induction is such that the change in magnetic flux prevents the change in the magnetic flux that produces the induced electric current.
In other words, the direction of the induced electromagnetic force or current flow is such that it acts against the main cause of its generation.
Thus the direction of the electromagnetic ball generated at the secondary winding will be opposite to the direction of the supply voltage.
The electrical direction of the force:
The electromotive force is a vector quantity whose direction is found according to the formula given by the scientist Henrik Lenz. Lenz's formula is
The direction of the magnetic field created for the induced electric current during electromagnetic induction is such that the change in magnetic flux prevents the change in the magnetic flux that produces the induced electric current.
In other words, the direction of the induced electromagnetic force or current flow is such that it acts against the main cause of its generation.
Thus the direction of the electromagnetic ball generated at the secondary winding will be opposite to the direction of the supply voltage.
According to Faraday's formula, this electromotive force depends on the rate of flux change. Thus the electromotive force of the primary winding is proportional to the electromotive ball of the primary winding (E1 ∞ N1) and proportional to the electromotive ball of the secondary winding (E2 ∞ N2).
Thus the electromotive force induced in a transformer can be mathematically expressed as follows:
E = -N (dφ / dt)
Thus the electromotive force induced in a transformer can be mathematically expressed as follows:
E = -N (dφ / dt)